- Define and explain classic geodesy
- Define and explain modern geodesy
- Define and explain GNSS
- Define topographic surface
- Define geoid
- Explain what a geoid is a model of how the model is made
- Explain why geoids are used in GIS and Cartography
- Define ellipsoid
- Define spheroid (ellipsoid of revolution)
- Define reference ellipsoid, global reference ellipsoid, local reference ellipsoid
- Explain when and why we use ellipsoids
- Explain when and why we use spheroids
- Define and explain Cartesian Coordinate Systems
- Define geodetic datum
- Explain how geodetic datums are made
- Define benchmark and control points
- Explain the similarities and difference between benchmarks and control points
- Define and explain horizontal and vertical datums
- Define orthometric height
- Define ellipsoid height
- Define geoid separation
| - Explain when we use orthometric height, ellipsoid height, and geoid separation
- Define and explain datum shifts, both major and minor
- Define Earth-centered, Earth-fixed Coordinate Systems
- Define and explain geographic grid
- Explain where a geographic grid is drawn
- Thoroughly explain geographic coordinate systems (GCS) including the parts it's made up of, why it's used, and how it differs from a geographic grid
- Define projected coordinate systems (PCS)
- Explain the advantages of PCS's
- Explain the disadvantages of PCS's
- Define and explain distortion, naming the six kinds of distortion
- Define and explain developable surface
- Name the three major developable surfaces
- Define and explain projection aspect
- Name the three major projection aspects
- Define and explain projection method
- Explain the difference between a projection method and a PCS
- Define and explain the State Plane Coordinate System
- Define and explain the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) system
- Define map scale
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